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Atmosphere (unit)
The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as . It is sometimes used as a ''reference'' or ''standard pressure''.
==History==
In 1954 the 10th Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures (CGPM) adopted ''standard atmosphere'' for general use and affirmed its definition of being precisely equal to 1,013,250 dynes per square centimetre (101325 Pa) .〔(BIPM Definition of the standard atmosphere )〕 This value was intended to represent the mean atmospheric pressure at mean sea level at the latitude of Paris, France, and does reflect the mean sea level pressure for many industrialized nations that are at broadly similar latitudes.
In chemistry and in various industries, the reference pressure referred to in “Standard Temperature and Pressure” (STP) was commonly but standards have since diverged; in 1982, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommended that for the purposes of specifying the physical properties of substances, “''standard pressure''” should be precisely .〔IUPAC.org, Gold Book, ''(Standard Pressure )''〕
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